Royalty Production Growth
Full-year 2025 royalty production averaged 22,400 boe/d, up 17% year-over-year; Q4 2025 royalty production averaged 23,400 boe/d, up 15% from Q4 2024, driven by record oil and liquids production of 6,900 bbl/d. Liquids production rose ~11% and natural gas production rose ~19% year-over-year.
Reserves Increase and Strong Replacement
Year-end 2025 proved plus probable reserves were 55.7 million boe, up 10% from 2024. Operator-funded additions of 11.9 million boe replaced 2025 royalty production of 8.2 million boe at a 1.5x replacement rate; Clearwater replaced production by 3x and Clearwater reserve life index doubled over two years (from ~3 to ~6 years).
Operator Investment and Drilling Activity
Operators invested an estimated $2.8 billion on Topaz acreage in 2025, resulting in a record 694 gross wells drilled (25.3 net), up 10% vs. 2024 and representing a 17% share of total WCSB drilling activity. Total wells brought onstream increased 22% vs. 2024; Q4 saw 248 gross wells brought on production, a 7% increase over Q4 2024.
Infrastructure Revenue Growth
Infrastructure revenue (processing revenue and other income) increased 20% in 2025; Q4 infrastructure contribution was $24.2 million (28% of total revenue) while royalty revenue was $62.5 million (72% of total revenue). 2026 guidance forecasts $92–$94 million of processing revenue and other income.
Strong Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow
Q4 2025 cash flow was $80.6 million ($0.52/share), up 6% vs. Q4 2024. Free cash flow for Q4 was $79.7 million ($0.52/share), up 11% vs. Q4 2024.
Material Net Income Improvement and Hedging Gains
Q4 2025 net income was $32.7 million, up 64% vs. Q4 2024, driven by higher production, processing revenue, 4% lower cash expenses and a 47% higher realized hedging gain. For 2025 Topaz realized $19.8 million of hedging gains (including $15.1 million natural gas hedging gain equivalent to $0.44/Mcf).
Dividend Growth and Payout Sustainability
Topaz paid $207.7 million in dividends for 2025 at a 66% payout ratio, a 4% increase on a per-share basis vs. 2024. Q4 dividends were $52.4 million ($0.34/share), a 65% payout ratio and a trailing annualized yield of 5.1%. 2026 guidance expects a 68% payout ratio and net debt-to-EBITDA of ~1.2x, described as sustainable given fixed infrastructure revenue and hedges.
Positive Operator Reserve Revisions
Key operators on Topaz acreage (Headwater and Tamarack) reported substantial 2P reserve revisions (~+52% and +56%), with one operator replacing production by 534%, which supports future reserve upside for Topaz.