The effects of climate change could create financial, reputational, or other risks to our business. For example, the effects of climate change could disrupt our operations by impacting the availability and the cost of materials needed for manufacturing, exacerbate existing risks to our supply chain and increase insurance and other operating costs, including energy costs impacted by carbon prices or offsets. These factors may impact our decisions to construct new facilities or maintain existing facilities in areas most prone to physical climate risks. We could also face indirect financial risks passed through the supply chain and disruptions that could result in increased prices for our products and the resources needed to produce them. Additionally, we are subject to environmental laws that could impose significant costs on us. See "We are subject to environmental laws that could impose significant costs on us and the failure to comply with such laws could subject us to sanctions and material fines and expenses" for more information.
There continues to be a lack of consistent climate regulation, which creates economic and regulatory uncertainty. Increased international, regional, state, and/or federal requirements or other stakeholder expectations have and could further mandate more restrictive or expansive standards, more prescriptive reporting of environmental, social and governance metrics than the voluntary commitments we have adopted, or require related changes on a more accelerated time frame than we anticipate. For example, we are subject to the European Union's Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive ("CSRD") and California's climate disclosure rules, among others. These regulations are inconsistent, and are rapidly emerging and evolving, and have increased, and are expected to continue to increase, our compliance costs. For example, the CSRD has established extensive
ESG-related disclosure requirements based on the European Sustainability Reporting Standards, including certain assurance obligations. The standards used to identify and collect the information and data required pursuant to the CSRD are still developing and uncertain, and this lack of certainty could result in increased costs related to complying with our reporting obligations under the CSRD. In addition, a number of governmental bodies have finalized, proposed or are contemplating legislative and regulatory changes in response to the potential effect of climate change. These regulations may affect our operations, supply chain, and overall business strategy, potentially leading to increased expenses, operational disruptions or limitations on our ability to compete in certain markets. If our product portfolio does not align with these regulations, we may be required to make increased research and development and other capital expenditures to improve our product portfolio in order to meet new regulations and standards. Further, our customers and the markets we serve may impose emissions or other environmental standards through regulation, market-based emissions policies or consumer preference that we may not be able to meet due to the level of capital investment or technological advancement. While we are committed to continuous improvements to our product portfolio to meet and exceed anticipated regulations and preferences, there can be no assurance that our commitments will be successful, that our products will be accepted by the market, that proposed regulation or deregulation will not have a negative competitive impact, or that economic returns will reflect our investments in new product development.
As of the date of this filing, we have made several public commitments regarding our intended reduction of carbon emissions, including commitments to achieve Scope 1 and Scope 2 carbon emission neutrality by 2032, and net zero across Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions by 2050. Although we intend to meet these commitments, we have expended resources and we may be required to further expend significant resources to do so, which could increase our operational costs. If we either are unable to meet these commitments, or progress toward our commitments more slowly than expected, or if such commitments are criticized by certain groups, then we could incur adverse publicity and reaction from investors, activist groups and other stakeholders, which could adversely impact the perception of our brands and our products by current and potential customers, as well as investors, which would in turn adversely impact our results of operations.